Electrolytes are minerals found naturally in the body that help regulate a number of functions. An electrolyte panel is a group of blood tests that measures electrolyte levels to assess the general functioning of the patient’s organ systems. The results of an electrolyte panel can help the physician make a diagnosis of a disease – including cancer – or help monitor the progress or side effects of treatment.

Electrolyte imbalance in an individual can be caused by  dehydration due to excessive vomiting, diarrhea, sweating and high fever. Cancer patients who receive certain treatments, such as chemotherapy, are particularly at risk for electrolyte imbalances, due to the likelihood of these side effects.

Symptoms of electrolyte levels that are too high or too low may include weakness, muscle spasms, lethargy  and confusion. The symptoms depend on which electrolyte is out of balance, its level in the body and the cause of the imbalance. Among cancer patients, one of the most serious electrolyte conditions is hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels). Severe hypercalcemia  can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical treatment.

Patients need to inform their physician of all prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, herbal remedies and vitamin supplements they may be taking prior to testing. A wide variety of substances (e.g., vitamin or mineral supplements) can affect the results of electrolyte panels. Patients also need to follow their physician’s orders carefully regarding the food, drink or medications that should be avoided before the test.